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The March for Science
Washington, DC
Saturday, 22 April 2017
Jerry Nelson
The March for Science ended at the Capitol, where the Tax March and Climate Marches begin.
On the stairs of the US Capitol at the end of the first March for Science.
Yup, he's an engineer, and here's the other side of his sign.
E equals M c-squared is perhaps the world's most famous
equation. It comes from Albert Einstein, who was a refugee
admitted by the United States.
Mass
and energy are equivalent. Splitting the atom produces pieces
whose mass doesn't add up. The missing mass has been converted
into energy, the energy of atom bombs and nuclear power plants.
The energy is equal to the missing mass times the speed of light
squared. (Mass is in kilograms, speed of light in meters/second, energy in Joules.)
Albert Einstein was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler
persuaded lesser men to hand him a dictatorship in 1933. Being Jewish,
Albert Einstein would be damned if he'd return home, and became a US
citizen instead (1940). Einstein alerted President Franklin
Roosevelt that is was theoretically possible to create a bomb based on
atomic energy: the atomic bomb. Einstein's 2 August 1939
letter got to FDR on 11 October 1939. Physicist Enrico Fermi
immediately got a $6,000 grant to expand his work on neutron chain
reactions. Fermi got the world's first nuclear reactor going
(a sustained neutron chain reaction) by December 1942, but the
Manhattan Project proved to be a lot more expensive
(about two billion in 1945 dollars).
I like plastic-coated paper clips, the colors are so cheerful.
Converting two of them (1 gm) to pure energy releases the power of the
Nagasaki A-bomb, about 20,000 tons (20 "kilotons") of TNT, the stuff
Alfred Nobel sold to raise money for the Nobel Prize.
It is said that Hitler crippled German physics and lost any chance of
achieving nuclear weapons by driving Jewish scientists such as Lise
Meitner (girl power!) and Albert Einstein out of the country. As
a faculty member in a German physics department, I heard an older
German physicist deny that wartime Germany had any interest or
projects in atomic weapons anyway. This is a lie, but perhaps it
made him feel better.
The wealth and geopolitcal power of the United States is driven by
science, scientific technologies, and technology-based companies and
weapons systems. Science has been a pillar of our
civilization. A civilization that attacks the pillars of its
greatness is a civilization on the way down.
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Jerry Nelson (J. I. Nelson, Ph.D.) jerry-va is at speakeasy.net
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